安装 Docker 和可视化管理工具 portainer 社区版

Docker 运维
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Install Docker Engine on Debian

Set up the repository

  1. Update the apt package index and install packages to allow apt to use a repository over HTTPS:
 sudo apt-get update

 sudo apt-get install \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    gnupg \
    lsb-release
  1. Add Docker’s official GPG key:
sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
  1. Use the following command to set up the repository:
echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \
  $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

Install Docker Engine

  1. Update the apt package index:
sudo apt-get update
  1. Install Docker Engine, containerd, and Docker Compose.
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin

修改Docker配置

  以下配置会增加一段自定义内网 IPv6 地址，开启容器的 IPv6 功能，以及限制日志文件大小，防止 Docker 日志塞满硬盘

cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
    "log-driver": "json-file",
    "log-opts": {
        "max-size": "20m",
        "max-file": "3"
    },
    "ipv6": true,
    "fixed-cidr-v6": "fd00:dead:beef:c0::/80",
    "experimental":true,
    "ip6tables":true
}
EOF

安装 portainer 社区版

docker run -d -p 9000:9000 -v /root/portainer:/data -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock --restart=always --name portainer portainer/portainer-ce

常见问题

Debian 10+ 需要将 iptables 更改为 legacy version

Debian 10+默认的 iptables 为 nftables 和 docker 不兼容，需要更改为 legacy

update-alternatives --set iptables /usr/sbin/iptables-legacy
update-alternatives --set ip6tables /usr/sbin/ip6tables-legacy
update-alternatives --set arptables /usr/sbin/arptables-legacy
update-alternatives --set ebtables /usr/sbin/ebtables-legacy

参考